Description
The file is restricted for YU community access only.
Abstract
The term cancer has unfortunately become commonplace in modern vernacular. In
fact, approximately one-half of the male population in the United States and one-third of the
female population will develop cancer at some stage in their lives [1]. Although cancer has
existed for centuries, with some of its earliest descriptions dating back to Ancient Egypt,
little remained known about the disease and how to effectively treat it [2]. For centuries, the
belief that cancer was an untreatable illness remained unchallenged, thereby slowing the
study of cancer as well as the development of its treatments. It was not until the last half a
century that a clearer understanding of cancer and its key characteristics were uncovered.
Such an understanding has consequently led to the adaptation and continual refinement of
varying cancer therapies including surgery, radiation, chemotherapy and targeted therapy.