Greek influence on the composition of 2 Maccabees.

Date

2011

Journal Title

Journal ISSN

Volume Title

Publisher

YU Faculty Profile

Abstract

This paper is comprised of three parts. First, I compare festival motifs in I and 2 Maccabees to demonstrate that unlike l Maccabees, 2 Maccabees is holiday centered and that it seems to equate holiday observance with religious piety. Because the abridger and audience of 2 Maccabees are familiar with the festival-centered Greek calendar, the observance of Jewish holidays is offered as an alternative to Hellenism. Second, I examine why prayer plays a more significant role in 2 Maccabees than I Maccabees. Although the prominence of prayer in 2 Maccabees might suggest a borrowing from biblical precedent, prayer passages in 2 Maccabees are more likely influenced by Greek drama and the genre of mimos. Finally, I attempt to demonstrate that, unlike 1 Maccabees, 2 Maccabees is temple-centered but not Judea-centered. This stems from the authors' and audience's unfamiliarity with the land of Israel but appreciation of temple-centralized worship. I conclude that 2 Maccabees is not necessarily intended as a refutation of the "Hasmonean propagandist's" 1 Maccabees, but is a retelling of Hasmonean history which emphasizes religious themes familiar to a diasporan audience.

Description

Scholarly article

Keywords

Jerusalem Temple -- Zerubbabel, Bible. Old Testament -- Greek influence, Prayer -- Judaism, Maccabees, Bible. Maccabees I, Bible. Maccabees II, Fasts and feasts, Hasmonean, Diaspora

Citation

Simkovich, M. Z. (2011). Greek influence on the composition of 2 Maccabees. Journal for the Study of Judaism in the Persian, Hellenistic and Roman Period, 42(3), 293–310.