The intersection of spirituality and substance use amongst older African Americans

Abstract

This study examined the lived experiences of older African Americans (OAA), recovering from substance use disorder (SUD), and the role of spirituality in their recovery process. Fifteen participants (six males, eight females, one trans-female) ranging in age from 65 to 90 years (M = 70.6 years; SD = 7.12; Median = 68 years), who had been in recovery for 15 to 53 years (M = 35.6 years; SD= 11.89 years; Median = 37 years), participated in focused interviews containing open-ended questions, with respect to the role of spirituality in their addiction and recovery process. Thematic analysis identified three main themes, specifically, a) participants’ perceptions of spirituality changed across the recovery period, b) participants’ spiritual practices changed across the recovery period, and c) spirituality improves recovery efficacy. Fowler’s Stages of Faith and the role of aging in participants’ perceptions of spirituality were evident throughout the findings. A major factor identified by the participants with respect to recovery and recovery programs was the lack of suitable recovery initiatives and programs that were available to the participants, where and when they needed them. This study highlights the important role that spirituality plays in the recovery process of OAAs. Furthermore, this study underscores the need for systemic change in the design and availability of recovery programs that suit the needs of OAAs and which are available to them when they are needed. The findings demonstrated that there is a need for professionals to reframe the way we think about addiction, recovery, and spirituality for OAAs.