Studies of changes in histone posttranslational modifications as possible markers of aging

Abstract

Longevity research has experienced a remarkable surge in recent decades, prompting an unprecedented discourse on the process of aging and the potential for scientific intervention to ameliorate age-related diseases. A key issue of this field is the distinction between lifespan, representing the duration of one’s life, and healthspan, which represents the length of time spent in a healthy state. Historically, individuals in better states of health generally experienced extended life expectancies in comparison to people who were less healthy. However, in recent times, a divergence has emerged that has resulted in an increase in global lifespan without the corresponding increase in healthspan. Multiple elements have contributed to this disparity including the advancement of science and medical interventions as well as improved public health, living standards and education. The field of longevity aims to overcome this discrepancy by addressing the multifaceted elements that influence healthy aging. Using the knowledge of how molecular and cellular changes impact aging, interventions can be implemented to combat age related diseases, thereby lengthening healthy lifespan and ultimately improving the quality of life for individuals and society. ¶

The objective of this paper is to explore the molecular effects of aging. It is focused on the implications of the enzyme sirtuin 6, SIRT6, one of the seven mammalian sirtuins that acts as an NAD+ dependent protein deacetylase. This enzyme has previously proved to play a vital role in controlling cellular aging and metabolism. Using SIRT6 deficient mice as a model, the research aims to examine if the modifications of lamin proteins, major architectural proteins of the nucleus, are correlated with signs of aging. Furthermore, the research attempts to analyze the methylation patterns of histone H3K9me3 since the changes in the localization may indicate changes in lamin expression and could potentially be associated with aging processes.