Exploring the role of self-regulation as a mediator in the connection of mindfulness and health behaviors

Abstract

Given the concerning rates of poor nutrition and physical inactivity, mindfulness has been suggested as a method that could bring a positive change in health behaviors, in terms of diet and exercise. Previous studies showed a connection between mindfulness and health behaviors. However, the mechanism behind this link is still unclear. Due to previous research that found self-regulation to be related to both mindfulness and health behavior, the current study examined the potential role of self-regulation as a mediator between trait mindfulness and self-regulation. That is, mindfulness predicts self-regulation which in turn predicts health behaviors. To test this, 32 female undergraduate students completed a survey that looked at levels of mindfulness, selfregulation, physical activity, and diet quality. Correlations were computed to examine the mediation model. Contradictory to the study’s hypothesis, the study did not find a connection between mindfulness, health behavior, and self-regulation, or between self-regulation and health behaviors. The study’s small and homogenous sample size and the timing that the survey was given are suggested as possible reasons for the unexpected results. In addition, the fact that shortened versions of the measures were used in the survey is discussed as a potential limitation. Recommendations for future studies looking for the role of self-regulation as a mediator between mindfulness and health behaviors are provided. Increased knowledge in the field could benefit health education programs and interventions.