The halakhic definition of death in light of medical history.

Abstract

I have provided a medical historical overview and analysis of some of the rabbinic sources quoted in contemporary discussions of brain death, a current issue in the world of medical halakhah. Understanding the scientific theories contemporary with the rabbinic positions expressed enables us to appreciate their medical frame of reference, their allusions to medical theory and their quotations of prominent figures in the history of science. In addition, otherwise cryptic rabbinic passages can be clarified.

In a rapidly progressing field, such as twentieth century medical halakhah, the understanding of the latest medical theories and treatments is crucial to be an effective posek. By the same token, rabbis of all generations had to be knowledgeable about the state of medicine in their age in order to render an appropriate pesak. An awareness of the state of medicine co-existing with particular rabbinic figures can enhance our understanding of the medical and halakhic issues with which these rabbis were dealing. This knowledge can perhaps assist current posekim in the utilization of rabbinic source material for incorporation into medical halakhic discussions. (from Conclusion)